Navy Evening Dress

The Navy Evening Dress, often referred to as the EDU (Evening Dress Uniform) or EDM (Evening Dress Mess), is a formal attire worn by members of the United States Navy for official and social events. It is a distinctive and elegant uniform, characterized by its dark blue color, gold buttons, and various embellishments that denote rank and specialty. The Navy Evening Dress has a rich history and has evolved over time to become a symbol of naval tradition and pride.

History and Evolution of the Navy Evening Dress

The origins of the Navy Evening Dress can be traced back to the early 19th century when naval officers adopted formal wear influenced by European military traditions. The uniform has undergone several transformations, reflecting changing fashion trends and the need to balance tradition with functionality.

One of the earliest versions of the Navy Evening Dress was introduced in the mid-19th century. It featured a dark blue tailcoat with gold-colored buttons and a white vest and shirt. This uniform was often paired with a black bow tie and a high-collared shirt. The tailcoat, inspired by the European military, added a touch of elegance and formality to the naval attire.

As the years progressed, the Navy Evening Dress underwent several modifications. In the early 20th century, the tailcoat was replaced by a more practical and less formal jacket. This jacket, known as the "Mess Jacket," became a staple of the Navy Evening Dress. It featured a shorter length, allowing for greater mobility, and often had gold embroidery or lace on the cuffs and collar.

Introduction of the EDU

The modern-day Navy Evening Dress, known as the Evening Dress Uniform (EDU), was officially adopted in the mid-20th century. This uniform aimed to strike a balance between tradition and practicality. The EDU consists of a dark blue mess jacket with gold buttons, a white shirt, and a black bow tie. The jacket is typically adorned with gold embroidery or rank insignia, adding a touch of elegance and distinction.

One notable feature of the EDU is the inclusion of the "scrubs," a pair of white trousers with a gold stripe running down the outer seam. These trousers are often worn with black shoes and white spats, creating a sharp and polished appearance. The EDU is reserved for formal occasions, such as state dinners, military balls, and high-profile events, where a high level of formality is required.

Specialty Variations

In addition to the standard EDU, the Navy offers specialty variations of the Evening Dress Uniform for different branches and specialties. For example, the Medical Corps and Dental Corps have unique variations with distinct insignia and embellishments. These specialty uniforms allow members to showcase their specific roles and expertise within the Navy.

Components and Accessories

The Navy Evening Dress consists of several key components and accessories that contribute to its overall elegance and functionality.

Jacket and Shirt

The mess jacket is the centerpiece of the Navy Evening Dress. It is typically made of high-quality wool or a wool blend, ensuring durability and a sleek appearance. The jacket features a single-breasted design with gold buttons running down the front. The number of buttons varies depending on the rank of the wearer, with higher ranks having more buttons.

The white shirt, often with a high collar, is worn underneath the jacket. It provides a crisp and formal look, contrasting beautifully with the dark blue jacket. The shirt is usually made of fine cotton or a cotton blend, ensuring comfort and breathability.

Trousers and Footwear

The trousers, known as the “scrubs,” are a distinctive feature of the Navy Evening Dress. They are white in color, made of wool or a wool blend, and feature a gold stripe running down the outer seam. The trousers are tailored to fit snugly, emphasizing a smart and streamlined silhouette. They are typically worn with black shoes, often highly polished, and white spats or gaiters to protect the trousers from dirt and scuffs.

Rank and Specialty Insignia

The Navy Evening Dress allows for the display of rank and specialty insignia, adding a sense of authority and distinction. Rank insignia, such as gold or silver embroidery on the jacket cuffs, denote the wearer’s position within the naval hierarchy. Additionally, specialty insignia, such as medical or dental symbols, can be worn on the jacket or on distinctive specialty hats.

Other Accessories

Accessories play a crucial role in completing the Navy Evening Dress ensemble. A black bow tie is a must-have accessory, adding a touch of formality and elegance. Cummerbunds, often in a complementary color, are worn around the waist, providing a stylish accent. A white belt may also be worn to match the trousers and add a clean finish.

Other accessories include a white glove on the sword arm, a sword (for officers), and a formal hat, such as a blue or black peaked cap. The hat is often adorned with gold braid and a chinstrap, reflecting the wearer's rank and specialty.

Occasions and Protocol

The Navy Evening Dress is reserved for formal and ceremonial occasions. It is typically worn for events such as:

• State dinners and diplomatic receptions
• Military balls and formal dances
• Naval academy graduations and commissioning ceremonies
• High-profile military ceremonies and parades
• Special events hosted by the Navy or other military branches

When wearing the Navy Evening Dress, members of the Navy are expected to adhere to strict protocols and guidelines. These include proper grooming, attention to detail, and the correct display of rank and specialty insignia. The uniform should be worn with pride and dignity, reflecting the honor and tradition of the United States Navy.

Modern Interpretations and Variations

While the Navy Evening Dress has a rich historical tradition, it has also evolved to meet the needs and preferences of modern naval personnel. Some variations and interpretations of the EDU include:

Simplified Versions

For more casual formal events, simplified versions of the Navy Evening Dress may be worn. These versions may feature a dark blue blazer or suit jacket instead of the traditional mess jacket. The blazer is often paired with white trousers and a white shirt, maintaining a formal yet more relaxed appearance.

Women’s Evening Dress

The Navy has also introduced evening dress variations for female personnel. These uniforms often include a dark blue evening gown or a tailored suit, complete with rank and specialty insignia. The female evening dress uniform allows women to participate in formal events while maintaining a professional and elegant appearance.

Accessory Innovations

In recent years, there has been a focus on incorporating modern accessories into the Navy Evening Dress. This includes the use of unique cufflinks, tie clips, and even customized jewelry that reflects the wearer’s personal style while adhering to the formal nature of the uniform.

Future of the Navy Evening Dress

The Navy Evening Dress is an enduring symbol of naval tradition and pride. While it has evolved over time, the core elements and elegance of the uniform remain intact. As the Navy continues to adapt to changing times, the Evening Dress Uniform is likely to undergo further refinements to ensure it remains practical, functional, and aligned with modern fashion trends.

One potential future development is the introduction of more sustainable and environmentally friendly materials. The Navy may explore the use of recycled fabrics or innovative textiles that reduce the environmental impact of the uniform's production and disposal. Additionally, advancements in technology may lead to the integration of smart fabrics or discrete communication devices, enhancing the functionality of the Navy Evening Dress for modern naval operations.