10 Natural Army Worm Killers To Protect Your Garden

Army worms, also known as Spodoptera frugiperda, are voracious pests that can cause significant damage to gardens and agricultural crops. These caterpillars, often found in large numbers, can rapidly defoliate plants, leaving behind a trail of destruction. While chemical pesticides are an option, many gardeners and farmers are turning to natural and organic methods to combat these pests. In this article, we will explore ten effective and environmentally friendly ways to protect your garden from army worms.

1. Encourage Natural Predators

One of the most sustainable ways to control army worms is by promoting the presence of their natural predators. Ladybugs, lacewings, and parasitic wasps are some of the beneficial insects that prey on army worm eggs and larvae. By creating a habitat that attracts these predators, you can establish a natural balance in your garden.

Attracting Predators

Planting a diverse range of flowers and herbs can provide food and shelter for beneficial insects. Some attractive options include:

• Sunflowers
• Marigolds
• Dill
• Fennel
• Yarrow

These plants not only add beauty to your garden but also create a welcoming environment for predator insects.

Birdhouses and Bird Baths

Birds, such as sparrows and swallows, are effective predators of army worms. Installing birdhouses and providing a fresh water source in the form of a bird bath can encourage birds to visit your garden regularly, helping to keep the army worm population in check.

2. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)

Bacillus thuringiensis is a naturally occurring bacteria that produces proteins toxic to certain insect larvae, including army worms. Bt is a popular biological control agent used in organic gardening.

Application

Bt is available in various formulations, including sprays and dusts. Apply it directly to the affected plants, ensuring thorough coverage of the leaves and stems. The bacteria will be ingested by the army worm larvae, leading to their paralysis and eventual death.

Safety

Bt is considered safe for humans, pets, and beneficial insects when used as directed. It specifically targets the larvae of certain pest species, making it an environmentally friendly option.

3. Neem Oil

Neem oil is a natural insecticide derived from the seeds of the neem tree. It has been used for centuries in traditional agriculture and is known for its effectiveness against a wide range of pests, including army worms.

Mode of Action

Neem oil works by disrupting the feeding behavior and growth of army worm larvae. It also interferes with their hormonal balance, making it difficult for them to molt and develop into adult moths.

Application Tips

To use neem oil effectively, follow these steps:

1. Dilute neem oil according to the instructions on the product label.
2. Apply the solution in the evening or early morning when bees and other pollinators are less active.
3. Spray the affected plants, ensuring coverage on both the upper and lower surfaces of the leaves.
4. Repeat the application every 7-10 days or as needed.

4. Diatomaceous Earth

Diatomaceous earth is a fine powder made from the fossilized remains of diatoms, a type of algae. It is a powerful natural insecticide that works by physically damaging the exoskeleton of insects.

How It Works

When army worms come into contact with diatomaceous earth, the sharp edges of the powder cut into their bodies, causing dehydration and eventual death. It is particularly effective against soft-bodied pests like caterpillars.

Application Guidelines

To use diatomaceous earth in your garden:

1. Apply a thin layer of the powder directly to the soil around the base of your plants.
2. Avoid excessive dusting, as it can be harmful to beneficial insects if inhaled.
3. Reapply after rain or heavy irrigation to maintain its effectiveness.

5. Beneficial Nematodes

Beneficial nematodes are microscopic worms that are natural predators of various soil-dwelling pests, including army worm larvae.

Application Process

Beneficial nematodes are typically sold as a liquid or gel formulation. Follow these steps for application:

1. Mix the nematodes with water according to the package instructions.
2. Apply the solution to the soil around the base of your plants using a watering can or sprayer.
3. Water the area thoroughly to ensure the nematodes penetrate the soil.

Ideal Conditions

Beneficial nematodes are most effective when applied in moist, shaded areas with temperatures between 15°C and 30°C (59°F and 86°F). Avoid applying them during hot, dry periods.

6. Handpicking and Drowning

For smaller infestations, handpicking army worm larvae off your plants can be an effective control method.

Step-by-Step Guide

1. Put on gloves to protect your hands.
2. Inspect your plants, especially the undersides of leaves, for army worm larvae.
3. Gently pick off the larvae and drop them into a container filled with soapy water. The soap breaks the surface tension of the water, ensuring the larvae drown.
4. Repeat this process regularly to keep the population under control.

7. Crop Rotation

Crop rotation is a valuable cultural practice that can help prevent army worm infestations.

The Benefits

By rotating your crops, you disrupt the life cycle of army worms and other pests. It also helps to improve soil health and nutrient cycling.

Implementing Crop Rotation

When planning your garden, consider the following:

• Avoid planting crops from the same family in the same location year after year.
• Choose crops that are less susceptible to army worms as part of your rotation plan.
• Rotate crops with cover crops or green manures to suppress weeds and improve soil structure.

8. Row Covers

Row covers are lightweight fabrics or nets that can be used to protect your plants from army worms and other pests.

How to Use Row Covers

1. Select a row cover material suitable for your climate and the specific pests you want to exclude.
2. Install the row cover over your plants, ensuring a tight fit to prevent pests from entering.
3. Secure the edges of the cover with soil, stakes, or clips to keep it in place.
4. Remove the cover during flowering to allow for pollination and then reapply afterward.

9. Pheromone Traps

Pheromone traps are an effective way to monitor and control army worm populations.

Mechanism

Pheromone traps use synthetic pheromones to attract male army worms. Once trapped, the males cannot mate, reducing the overall population.

Placement

Place pheromone traps near your garden or field. Ensure they are at least 100 meters apart to avoid overcrowding. Check the traps regularly and replace the pheromone lures as needed.

10. Kaolin Clay

Kaolin clay is a natural mineral that can be used as a protective barrier against army worms and other pests.

Application

Mix kaolin clay with water to create a suspension. Apply the mixture to the leaves and stems of your plants using a sprayer. The clay forms a thin film that acts as a physical barrier, making it difficult for army worms to feed and lay eggs.

Advantages

• Kaolin clay is safe for humans, pets, and beneficial insects.
• It can be used on a wide range of crops and does not leave any harmful residues.
• Reapply after heavy rain or irrigation to maintain its effectiveness.

Conclusion

By implementing these natural army worm control methods, you can protect your garden and crops while minimizing the use of chemical pesticides. Remember that a combination of these strategies, along with regular monitoring, is often the most effective approach to managing army worm infestations.